More than one term can apply. Branch direction, crown shape and size describe different characteristics, and the outline can change as a tree matures.

Upright

Main stems and branches emphasize upward growth. An upright tree can still develop a broad canopy.

Spreading

Branches extend outward to form a broad canopy. The tree does not have to be wider than it is tall.

Weeping

Branches or branchlets arch or hang downward. The tree can still have an upright trunk.

Rounded

The crown has a rounded outline. This describes the overall shape rather than the direction of each branch.

Dwarf

A cultivar with a smaller natural stature than typical forms of its species. Dwarf describes size, not branch direction or a fixed height limit; it does not automatically mean slow growth.

For example: Bloodgood can grow upright while developing a broad, rounded canopy with spreading branches.

Learn more: NC State plant forms · Bloodgood profile · RHS trees for smaller gardens